By default, the Traefik dashboard is enabled in secure mode, but not configured to be accessible from the internet. To enable access from the internet, you need to add a dynamic configuration and secure it with a username and password.

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Secure mode (with Dynamic Configuration)

How to configure Traefik’s dynamic configuration? Read more
You can enable Traefik’s dashboard by adding the following dynamic configuration: 
http:
  routers:
    dashboard:
      rule: Host(`<DOMAIN_FOR_TRAEFIK>`) && (PathPrefix(`/dashboard`) || PathPrefix(`/api`))
      service: api@internal
      tls:
        certResolver: letsencrypt
      middlewares:
        - auth
  middlewares:
    auth:
      basicAuth:
        users:
          - "<GENERATED_USERNAME>:<GENERATED_PASSWORD>"
Replace <DOMAIN_FOR_TRAEFIK>, <GENERATED_USERNAME>, and <GENERATED_PASSWORD> with your own values. You can reach the dashboard by visiting http://<DOMAIN_FOR_TRAEFIK>/dashboard/#/.

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How to generate user/password?

You can generate one with the htpasswd command: 
htpasswd -nbB test test
Example output: 
test:$apr1$H6uskkkW$IgXLP6ewTrSuBkTrqE8wj/
If you want to enable the dashboard in insecure mode (without a password), all you need to do is go to the proxy configurations view and change the insecure setting to true, then restart the proxy.. 
   - '--api.insecure=true'